![]() ![]() For these innovations to attain scalability and sustainability, their research and development needs to consider the technical infrastructure and the regulatory frameworks that govern local technology adoption. Recent initiatives in Vietnam and other LMICs have sought to exploit the potential of digital technologies such as machine learning and low-cost wearable devices in improving critical care at an affordable cost. The adoption of new policies and standards (such as Health Level 7’s Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources ) may also enable simpler and more effective methods for health information exchange than was available to HICs in previous years. These challenges may be able to be mitigated through the use of open-source software, mobile technologies, and cloud-based data infrastructure. However, in resource-constrained settings, new health care information technologies are often implemented with insufficient funding, infrastructure, regulations, and computer literacy of the staff who will be using them. Īlthough the adoption of digital health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Vietnam has largely only taken place within the last decade, these solutions have the potential to support the development of universal health coverage and projects working toward addressing sustainable development goals. In recent years, data from hospital-based digital health systems have been used to develop and implement innovative artificial intelligence (AI) systems for monitoring patients and providing clinical decision support (CDS) to health care providers. Despite major challenges and high-profile failures, HICs have now reached the point where secondary use of data from digital health systems can, in some cases, enable hospitals and health care systems to become learning health systems, using routinely collected data to facilitate research and quality improvement. These systems are commonly introduced in response to major government initiatives, often with significant public funding. ![]() These regulations and guidance cover a wide range of digital health domains, including hospital information management systems, general and interoperability standards, cybersecurity in health organizations, conditions for the provision of health information technology (HIT), electronic health insurance claims, laboratory information systems, HIT maturity, digital health strategies, electronic medical records, EHRs, and eHealth architectural frameworks.ĭigital health systems such as electronic health records (EHRs) and patient administration systems used in hospitals in high-income countries (HICs) have been adopted with the dual aim of increasing the quality of patient care and improving hospital finances through cost reductions and new revenue streams. Of the 20 government documents, 19 were promulgated from 2013 to 2020. Among the academic studies, 5 reported engineering solutions for information systems in hospitals, 2 assessed readiness for EHR implementation, 1 tested physicians’ performance before and after using clinical decision support software, 1 reported a national laboratory information management system, and 2 reviewed the health system’s capability to implement eHealth and artificial intelligence. ![]() In total, 11 academic publications and 20 government documents were included in this review. ![]()
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